2 Istorijat Objedinjavanjem pomenutih institucija 1961. godine osnovan je Poljoprivredni institut. Pod tim nazivom funkcionisao je do 1997. godine, kada uključivanjem sektora za šumarstvo u jedinstvenu naučnoistraživačku instituciju prerasta u Biotehnički institut. Pokretanjem studija poljoprivrede, školske 2005/2006. godine, institut prerasta u fakultet, a 2008. zvanično mijenja ime u Biotehnički fakultet. Naučnoistraživački rad u poljoprivredi Crne Gore utemeljen je 1937. godine, kada je u Baru, odlukom Ministarstva poljoprivrede Kraljevine Jugoslavije, osnovana Državna ogledna stanica za južne kulture. Nakon II svjetskog rata uslijedilo je formiranje novih institucija i obnova ranije postojećih: Zavoda za poljoprivredna istraživanja u Podgorici (1945), Zavoda za stočarstvo u Nikšiću i Zavoda za južne kulture i vinogradarstvo u Baru (1947), Stanice za ispitivanje zemljišta u Baru (1949), Dijagnostičko-veterinarske stanice u Titogradu (1950) i Stanice za voćarstvo u Bijelom Polju (1952). Djelatnost Biotehničkog fakulteta nastavna naučnoistraživačka stručno-savjetodavna
Historical background Scientific research in agriculture was established in Montenegro in 1937, when the Ministry for Agriculture of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to establish the experimental State Research Station for Southern Cultures in Bar. After World War II, the founding of new institutions and renewal of previously existing ones followed, such as: the Institute for Agricultural Research in Podgorica (1945), the Institute for Animal Husbandry (Livestock) in Nikšić and the Institute for Southern Cultures and Viticulture in Bar (1947), Soil Testing Units in Bar (1949), Veterinary Diagnostic Units in Titograd (1950) and the Centre for Fruit Growing in Bijelo Polje (1952). The Agriculture Institute was established in 1961, as a result of the merging of the above mentioned institutions. It functioned under that name until 1997, when it was transformed into Biotechnical Institute by including the Forestry Sector into the unique scientific research institution. By establishing of Studies of Agriculture, in the year 2005/2006, the Institute developed into the Faculty, and in 2008 formally changed the name into Biotechnical Faculty. 3 The activities of the Biotechnical Faculty Higher education Scientific research Expert and advisory (Services)
Nastava se organizuje kroz akademske i primijenjene studijske programe. Akademski studijski programi organizovani su kao: osnovne akademske studije (3 godine), poslijediplomske specijalističke studije (1 godina) i poslijediplomske magistarske studije (1 godina). Osnovne akademske studije se izvode kroz dva studijska programa: Biljna proizvodnja Stočarstvo 4 Poslijediplomske specijalističke i magistarske studije na studijskom programu Biljna proizvodnja realizuju se kroz tri usmjerenja: Voćarsko-vinogradarski, Ratarsko-povrtarski i Zaštita bilja. Poslijediplomske specijalističke i magistarske studije u oblasti stočarstva organizuju se kao jedinstven studijski program Stočarstvo. Primijenjeni studijski programi organizovani su kao: osnovne primijenjene studije - kontinentalno voćarstvo (Bijelo Polje) i mediteransko voćarstvo (Bar), poslijediplomske specijalističke primijenjene studije - kontinentalno voćarstvo i ljekovito bilje (Bijelo Polje) i rasadničarstvo (Bar).
The higher education is organized through academic and applied study programs. The academic study programs are organized as follows: the basic academic studies (3 years), postgraduate specialist studies (1 year) and postgraduate master studies (1 year) Basic academic studies are conducted through two study programs: Plant production Animal husbandry Postgraduate specialist and master studies within the Plant production study program are organized in three directions: Fruit growing and viticulture Crop and vegetable farming Plant protection Postgraduate specialist and master studies in the livestock sector are organized as a unique Animal Husbandry program. The applied study programs are organized as follows: Basic applied studies - Continental fruit growing (Bijelo Polje) and Mediterranean fruit production (Bar), Postgraduate specialist applied studies Continental fruit growing and medicinal plants (Bijelo Polje) and Nursery Production (Bar). 5
6 Naučnoistraživačka djelatnost Fakulteta realizuje se kroz fundamentalna i primijenjena istraživanja u oblasti poljoprivrede, veterine i šumarstva. Biotehnički fakultet svojim istraživanjima, doprinosi razvoju maslinarstva, vinogradarstva i vinarstva, gajenju suptropskih i kontinentalnih voćnih vrsta, proizvodnji povrća, njivskih kultura i stočne hrane, gajenju goveda, ovaca, koza i drugih vrsta stoke. Istraživanja u navedenim oblastima obuhvataju: sortna istraživanja, primjenu savremenih tehnologija u uzgoju bilja i proizvodnji sadnog materijala, biljne genetičke resurse, organsku proizvodnju, ljekovito i aromatično bilje; tehnologiju prerade masline i grožđa; proučavanje osobina i kontrolu plodnosti zemljišta, ishranu biljaka; proučavanje prouzrokovača biljnih bolesti i štetočina i mjera njihovog suzbijanja; proučavanje tehnologije gajenja, ishrane i oplemenjivanja najvažnijih vrsta stoke, genetička proučavanja najvažnijih autuhtonih i lokalnih rasa i sojeva stoke; agroekonomska istraživanja koja su fokusirana na agrarnu politiku, razvoj poljoprivrede i sela, analizu tržišta i primjenu marketinga u poljoprivredi; istraživanja u oblasti zaštite šuma, rasadničarske proizvodnje i gazdovanja šumama.
Scientific research activity of the Faculty is realized through fundamental and applied research in the field of agriculture, veterinary medicine and forestry. Through its research the Biotechnical Faculty contributes to the development of olive production, viticulture and wine production, cultivation of subtropical and continental species of fruit, vegetable production, arable crops and forage, breeding of cattle, sheep, goat and other livestock. Research in these areas includes: Varietal research, application of modern technologies in plant breeding and production of planting material, plant genetic resources, organic production, medicinal and aromatic plants; Olive and grape processing technology; The research of soil properties, soil fertility and control of plant nutrition; Research of plant pests and diseases and measures of their control; Research on the technology of growing, nutrition and breeding of the most important livestock species, genetic research of the most important autochthonous and local livestock breeds; Agro-Economic studies focused on agricultural policy, agriculture and rural development, market analysis and marketing application into agricultural field sector; Research in the field of forest protection, seedling production and forest management. 7
8 Istraživanja se realizuju u okviru deset centara specijalizovanih za različite oblasti poljoprivrednih nauka: Centar za agroekonomiku i razvoj sela Centar za zemljište i melioracije Centar za ratarstvo, povrtarstvo i krmno bilje Centar za zaštitu bilja Centar za vinogradarstvo, vinarstvo i voćarstvo Centar za stočarstvo Centar za suptropske kulture u Baru Centar za kontinentalno voćarstvo u Bijelom Polju Centar za šumarstvo Centar za veterinarstvo i slatkovodno ribarstvo
The research is carried out in ten centers specialized in different areas of Agricultural Sciences: Center for Agro-economy and Rural Development Center for Soil and Melioration Center for Field crops, Vegetable and Forage Crops Center for Plant Protection Centre for Viticulture, Wine and Fruit Production Center for Animal Husbandry Center for Subtropical Cultures in Bar Center for Continental Fruit Growing in Bijelo Polje Center for Forestry Center for Veterinary and Freshwater Fisheries 9
10 Stručno-savjetodavna djelatnost obavlja se kroz pružanje stručnih, savjetodavnih i laboratorijskih usluga. Stručne i savjetodavne usluge Sastavni dio Biotehničkog fakulteta čine dvije stručne službe koje svoje aktivnosti realizuju preko terenskih centara i kancelarija raspoređenih po čitavoj Crnoj Gori. Služba za selekciju stoke obavlja poslove selekcije stoke (posebno goveda), pruža savjetodavne usluge i organizuje različite vidove obuke za proizvođače, realizuje podsticajne mjere Ministarstva poljoprivrede i ruralnog razvoja u sektoru stočarstva, vodi agrarni tržišni informacioni sistem - AMIS u stočarstvu; Savjetodavna služba u biljnoj proizvodnji obavlja razne vidove obuke i osposobljavanja poljoprivrednih proizvođača za uvođenje i primjenu novih tehnologija u svim granama biljne proizvodnje; realizuje podsticajne mjere Ministarstva poljoprivrede i ruralnog razvoja u biljnoj proizvodnji, vodi agrarni tržišni informacioni sistem AMIS za biljnu proizvodnju.
Expert-advisory activity is done by providing professional consulting and laboratory services. Professional and Extension Services An integral part of the Biotechnical Faculty consists of two professional services meant to implement their activities through the field centers and offices distributed over the whole Montenegro. Livestock Selection Service - performs the selection of livestock (especially cattle), provides advisory services and arranges different types of training for producers, implements the incentives measures of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in the livestock sector, runs agricultural market information system - AMIS in livestock field; Extension Service in Plant Production - performs a variety of trainings for farmers regarding new technologies in all branches of plant production; implements the incentives measures of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in crop production, runs agricultural market information system - AMIS for crop production. 11
12 Laboratorijske usluge Pored obavljanja analiza za potrebe naučnoistraživačkih projekata i izvođenja nastave, laboratorije Biotehničkog fakulteta pružaju i brojne usluge različitim korisnicima. Laboratorija za mljekarstvo akreditovana je po standardu EST/ISO/IEC 17025:2006 i uvrštena u bazu svjetskih mljekarskih laboratorija koju vodi International Dairy Federation (IDF). U laboratoriji se rade analize hemijskog i mikrobiološkog kvaliteta mlijeka i mlječnih proizvoda. Fitosanitarna laboratorija je, po ovlašćenju Fitosanitarne uprave Crne Gore, nacionalna laboratorija za poslove zdravstvene zaštite bilja, monitoring, determinaciju karantinskih i ekonomski štetnih organizama i procjenu potrebe sprovođenja mjera njihovog suzbijanja. Laboratorija za agrohemiju i zemljište vrši analize fizičko-hemijskog sastava zemljišta, prisustva nutrijenata u zemljištu i biljnom materijalu, provjerava kvalitet i sastav mineralnih đubriva. Enološka laboratorija specijalizovana laboratorija za analizu fizičko-hemijskih osobina vina i nalazi se na spisku ovlašćenih laboratorija Official Journal of European Union C87 Of 10 2007. Laboratorija za sjeme i sjemenski materijal je, po ovlašćenju Fitosanitarne uprave Crne Gore, nacionalna laboratorija za ispitivanje kvaliteta sjemena ratarskih i povrtarskih vrsta, trava i ljekovitog bilja i dio je sistema za sertifikaciju sjemenskog materijala.
Laboratory Services In addition to performing analyzes for the purpose of scientific research projects and teaching, the Laboratories of Biotechnical Faculty offer many other services to different clients. Dairy Laboratory is accredited according to standard EST / ISO / IEC 17025:2006 and included in the database of the world dairy laboratories run by the International Dairy Federation (IDF). The analysis of chemical and microbiological properties of milk and dairy products are conducted within the laboratory. Phytosanitary Laboratory is authorized by the Phytosanitary Directorate of Montenegro as national laboratory for plant health protection, monitoring, determination of quarantine and economically harmful organisms, and estimation of the need for application of control measures. Agro-chemistry and Soil quality Laboratory analyzes the physical-chemical soil composition, the presence of the nutrients in the soil and plant material and controls the quality and composition of the fertilizers in the soil. Laboratory of Enology is specialized for wine quality analysis, it is placed on the list of authorized laboratories Official Journal of European Union C87 Of 10 2007. Laboratory of Seed quality testing is authorized by the Phytosanitary Directorate of Montenegro, as the national laboratory for seed quality testing of field and vegetable crops, herbs and medicinal plants, and is a part of the seed certification system. 13
Biotehnički fakultet ima i sopstvenu proizvodnju. Fakultet posjeduje ogledno imanje u Lješkopolju sa 25 ha vinograda, voćnjakom, plastenicima i vinskim podrumom kapaciteta 300 hl. Ogledno imanje predstavlja bazu za naučnoistraživačke projekte i praktičnu obuku studenata, a dodatno proizvodi i tržištu nudi dva naša prepoznatljiva proizvoda, vino Vranac i Crnogorsku lozovu rakiju. Zaposleni Kolektiv Biotehničkog fakulteta broji 165 zaposlenih, od čega je: 36 doktora nauka, 9 magistara nauka, 46 stručnih saradnika, 40 tehničkih saradnika i laboranata i 34 radnika na oglednim imanjima. 14
Biotechnical Faculty has its own production. The Faculty has an experimental field in Lješkopolje, in vicinity of Podgorica, with 25 hectares of vineyards, orchards, greenhouses and a wine cellar with the capacity of 300 hl. The experimental field is the base for scientific research projects and for practical trainings of students, and in addition produces and offers two recognizable products, the wine Vranac and Montenegrin grape brandy to the market. Employees Biotechnical Faculty engages 165 employees in total, of which 36 are researchers with PhD, 9 with Master degree, 46 research associates, 40 technicians and laboratory assistants and 34 workers at the experimental fields. 15